Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　EI Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of　the world. This strange __47__ happens every five to eight years. It starts in the pacific Ocean and　is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds（信风）, which affects the ocean currents　driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in _48_, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the　Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃.

　　The warning of the ocean has far－reaching　effects. The hot, humid（潮湿的） air over the ocean causes severe_49_ thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, __50__ floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and _51_.

　　EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 198283 EI Nino brought the most __52__ weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds_53_of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists _54__this to be the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.

　　Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an EI Nino will __55__, but they are still not __56__sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　Section B

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communications media has found that emails are automatically recorded-and can come back to haunt （困扰）you-appears to be the key to the finding.

　　Jeff Hancock of Comell University in Ithaca. New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14　per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face－to－face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.

　　His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected e-mailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment （非直接接触）of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.

　　But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid go lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.

　　People are also more likely to lie in real time-in an instant message or phone call, say-than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are spontaneous（脱口而出的） responses to an unexpected demand, such as :"Do you like my dress?"

　　Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.

　　注意：此部分内容请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　57. Hancock's study focuses on.

　　[A] he consequences of lying in various communications media

　　[B] the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas

　　[C] people's references in selecting communication technologies

　　[D] people's honesty levels across a range of communications media

　　58. Hancock's research finding surprised those who believed that.

　　[A] people are less likely to lie in instant messages

　　[B] people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

　　[C] people are most likely to lie in email communication

　　[D] people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

　　59. According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?

　　[A] They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.

　　[B] They believe that honesty is the best policy.

　　[C] They tend to be relaxed when using those media.

　　[D] They are most practiced at those forms of communication.

　　60. According to Hancock, the telephone is a preferable medium for promoting sales because.

　　[A] salesmen can talk directly to their customers

　　[B] salesmen may feel less restrained to exaggerate

　　[C] salesmen can impress customers as being trustworthy

　　[D] salesmen may pass on instant messages effectively

　　61. It can be inferred from the passage that.

　　[A] honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

　　[B] more employers will use emails to communicate with their employees

　　[C] suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes

　　[D] email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company