Section B 20%（10×2%）

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　Global warming may or not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of weather it is or isn’t —— we won’t do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.

　　Al gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth,” as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to believe global warming, and —— without major technological breakthroughs —— we can’t do much about it.

　　From 2003 to 2050, the world’s population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. IF energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. But that’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.

　　No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they’re “doing something.” Consider the Kyoto protocol (京都协定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But it hasn’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.

　　The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.

　　The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don’t solve the engineering problem, we’re helpless.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?

　　A) It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.

　　B) It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.

　　C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.

　　D) Very little will be done to bring it under control.

　　58. According to the author’s understanding, what is AL Gore’s view on global warming?

　　A) It is a reality both people and Politicians are unaware of.

　　B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.

　　C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.

　　D) It is area we actually have little knowledge about.

　　59. Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _________.

　　A) economic growth

　　B) wasteful use of energy

　　C) the widening gap between the rich and poor

　　D) the rapid advances of science and technology

　　60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, __________.

　　A) politicians have started to do something to better the situation.

　　B) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy use

　　C) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warming.

　　D) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems

　　61. What is the message the author intends to convey?

　　A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.

　　B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.

　　C) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.

　　D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.